SHAPE III. Polygons

Polygons_________________________________________

1. Triangle: It is a polygon with three sides and three angles. The three angles always add 180º.

• Equilateral Triangle: Three equal sides and three equal angles, always 60º.
• Isosceles Triangle: Two equal sides and two equal angles.
• Scalene Triangle: No equal sides and no equal angles.

2. Quadrilateral. Quadrilateral just means “four sides”. Therefore, any four sided shape is a quadrilateral, but the sides have to be straight, and it has to be 2 dimensional.

• Square: Four equal sides. Four equal angles, always 90°.
• Rectangle: Opposite sides are parallel and of equal length. Four equal angles, always 90°.
• Rhombus: Four equal sides. Opposite angles are parallel.

3. Regular polygons with more than 4 sides:

• A pentagon is a 5-sided polygon.
• An hexagon is a 6-sided polygon.
• An heptagon is a 7-sided polygon.
• An octagon is a 8-sided polygon.

 4. Star:  a plane figure with 5 or more points.

Exercises_________________________________________________________________

After reading the post and watching the video play the Geometric Game to test your knowledge on polygons.

SHAPE II. Basic shapes

Basic Shapes_____________________________________________
The 3 basic shapes are:

         1.Circle: is a simple shape, a closed plane curve. All points are the same distance from the center.
                • The distance between any of the points and the centre is called the radius.
                • The Diameter starts at one side of the circle, goes through the center and ends on the other side.

        2. Triangle: is a polygon.
        3. Square: is a polygon.

Polygons_____________________________________________________

• A polygon is a flat shape with straight sides. The points where two edges meet are the polygon's vertices (singular: vertex) or corners.
• Polygons are 2-dimensional shapes. They are made of straight lines, and the shape is "closed" (all the lines connect up).

Polygon

Not a polygon

Not a polygon

  If there is a curve o the shape is not closed it is not a polygon.

Regular

Irregular

irregular

There are regular and irregular polygons.A regular polygon is a polygon whose sides are all the same length, and whose angles are all the same.



Exercise______________________________________________________

1. Make the students draw shapes out of the three basic ones: circle, triangle and square.

Signage

The main purpose of signage is communication. The signals are used to communicate in an easy way useful and important information. This are called pictograms, which take its meaning through its pictorial resemblance to a physical object.

In general, signage can be classified into the following functions:
     • Information: signs giving information about services and facilities, e.g., maps, directories, instructions  for use, etc.
     • Direction: signs leading to services, facilities, functional spaces and key areas, e.g., sign posts, directional arrows, etc.
     • Identification: signs indicating services and facilities, e.g., room names & numbers, toilet signs, number of floors, etc.
     • Safety and Regulatory: signs giving warning or safety instructions, e.g., warning signs, traffic signs, exit signs, rules & regulations, etc.

 

     

                

               

            

Activities______________________________________________________

1. Which shapes are mostly used? Which colours are always used?
2. Comment the signs and pictograms.
3. Work: Design two signs: one a prohibition (triangle/circle and red), the other a permission (square and blue)

Shape.

Shape is one of the seven Elements of Art. 

Questions:

• What is a Shape?
• Can you name a shape?

1.  A shape is created when a line is enclosed.

2. It is a 2 dimensional area with width and lenght.

3. The are 2 types of shapes:

 Geometric shapes

 Organic shapes

4. You can turn a Shape into a Form by adding 3D: a square into a cube, etc.

To find out more about Shape go to The Virtual Instructor.

Parallel and perpendicular lines.

Line. Geometric Layouts.

GEOMETRY

Questions:
•    What is geometry? is a branch of mathematics concerned with questions of shape, size, relative position of figures, and the properties of space.
•    Is geometry Art or Math? Both
•    What do we use geometry for? To draw and create shapes, objects, etc.

Tools:
Ruler, set of squares, compass and technical pens.

Geometric Layouts____________________________________________

• Parallel lines: Two lines in a plane that do not intersect or touch at a point are called parallel lines. Line m has everywhere the same distance to line.
• Perpendicular lines: The segment AB is perpendicular to the segment CD because the two angles it creates (indicated in orange and blue) are each 90 degrees. If a line is perpendicular to another as shown, all of the angles created by their intersection are called right angles.
• Angle bisector: An angle bisector divides the angle into two angles with equal measures. An angle only has one bisector. Each point of an angle bisector is equidistant from the sides of the angle.
• Bisection: is the division of something into two equal parts by a line, which is then called a bisector.

Exercise______________________________________________________
If you want to check your knowledge on lines play this game: Lines